{"id":1129,"date":"2026-03-31T21:41:59","date_gmt":"2026-03-31T21:41:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.method-post.com\/in\/common-pitfalls-class-diagram-design-student-projects\/"},"modified":"2026-03-31T21:41:59","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T21:41:59","slug":"common-pitfalls-class-diagram-design-student-projects","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.method-post.com\/in\/common-pitfalls-class-diagram-design-student-projects\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0917\u0932\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901: \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0911\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f-\u0913\u0930\u093f\u090f\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0940\u0922\u093c \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0921\u094d\u0921\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0911\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092c\u093e\u0924\u091a\u0940\u0924, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f, \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0947\u0935\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u0921\u092c\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092d\u094c\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902; \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u094b\u0927 \u090f\u0928\u0915\u0948\u092a\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928, \u0915\u092a\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092e \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u091f\u0942\u0932\u094d\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u091f\u093f\u0915\u093e\u090a \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img alt=\"Hand-drawn whiteboard infographic illustrating 7 common class diagram design pitfalls: over-engineering with excessive classes, confusing inheritance vs association relationships, ignoring visibility modifiers, high coupling with low cohesion, cyclic dependencies between classes, imbalanced detail levels, and poor naming conventions. Each pitfall shows mistake examples in red markers and correct approaches in green markers, with UML notation sketches, color-coded sections, and a quick-reference checklist for reviewing object-oriented design.\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.method-post.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/class-diagram-design-pitfalls-whiteboard-infographic.jpg\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2>1. \u0913\u0935\u0930-\u0907\u0902\u091c\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092b\u0901\u0926\u093e: \u0939\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u091c\u093c \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0930 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<code>-<\/code> (\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940)\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u091b\u093f\u092a \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 <code>#<\/code> (\u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924) \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0924\u092d\u0940 \u091c\u092c \u0909\u092a\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b, \u091c\u094b \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0932\u092d \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 <code>+<\/code> (\u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915) \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u094b 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\u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 &#8216;\u0917\u0949\u0921 \u0911\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f&#8217; \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u092a\u0948\u091f\u0930\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0936\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0943\u0902\u0916\u0932\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0928\u093f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u0932\u093e\u0907\u091c\u093c \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948; \u0906\u092a <code>\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f \u091c\u0928\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0930<\/code>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u090f \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 <strong>\u090f\u0915\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924<\/strong>. \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0938 \u0932\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0932\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u092b\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u0905\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u26d3\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b (DAG) \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u092c \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u092c \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 A \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 B \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 B \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 A \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926, \u092f\u0939 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u091d\u0902\u0921\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0906\u092e \u0917\u0932\u0924\u0940:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>\u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/code> \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0939\u0948 <code>\u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e<\/code>, \u0914\u0930 <code>\u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e<\/code> \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0939\u0948 <code>\u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/code> \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n<li><code>\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code> \u0915\u0949\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 <code>\u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928<\/code>, \u0914\u0930 <code>\u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928<\/code> \u0905\u092a\u0921\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 <code>\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code> \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0924\u0941\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0906\u092a A \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b B \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947, \u0914\u0930 B \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e A \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0930\u093f\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0916\u0924\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0915 \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948; \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0925 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u090f\u0915 <code>\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e<\/code> \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 <code>\u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/code> \u0914\u0930 <code>\u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u0949\u0932\u092c\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f <code>\u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928<\/code> \u0905\u092a\u0921\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e <code>\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code> \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947, \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 <code>\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code> \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0926\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0928\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \ud83d\udcdd<\/h2>\n<p>\u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0915\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0906\u092e \u0917\u0932\u0924\u0940:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u091a\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0938\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0947\u091a\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940\u092c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0947\u091c\u093c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u092c\u0947\u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0930\u0939 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094b\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u091b\u093f\u092a \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u092b\u0947\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u091a\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0938 \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u090f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0907\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 (\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, <code>&lt;&lt;\u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e&gt;&gt;<\/code>, <code>&lt;&lt;\u090f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0940&gt;&gt;<\/code>) \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0917\u0947\u091f\u0930\/\u0938\u0947\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>7. \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0920\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e \ud83d\udcda<\/h2>\n<p>\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f\u092e\u092f \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0938\u091f\u0940\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0906\u092e \u0917\u0932\u0924\u0940:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0928\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<code>\u0935\u0930\u094d\u09171<\/code>, <code>\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941A<\/code>, <code>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0915<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0905\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 snake_case \u092f\u093e camelCase \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e (\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, <code>UI<\/code>, <code>DB<\/code>, <code>API<\/code>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u092f\u0926\u093f \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0915\u0939\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930-\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902<code>\u0932\u0947\u0928\u0926\u0947\u0928<\/code> \u092f\u093e <code>\u0932\u0947\u091c\u0930<\/code>, \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<code>\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>\u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902 (\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f PascalCase, \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f camelCase)\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 <code>\u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930<\/code> \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u0948<code>\u092d\u0941\u0917\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0915<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0936<\/h2>\n<p>\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u094d\u0935\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e<\/th>\n<th>\u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u0915<\/th>\n<th>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e<\/th>\n<th>\u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928<\/td>\n<td>\u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u0947\u0938<\/td>\n<td>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u0924\u093e, \u0928\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0917\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0908<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094d\u0930\u092e<\/td>\n<td>\u201c\u0939\u0948-\u090f\u0915\u201d \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/td>\n<td>\u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930 \u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928, \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092b\u0940\u0932\u094d\u0921\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/td>\n<td>\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093f, \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e<\/td>\n<td>\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/td>\n<td>\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u0947\u0938 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u0947\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/td>\n<td>\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0908<\/td>\n<td>\u090f\u0915\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930\u0924\u093e<\/td>\n<td>A, B \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0939\u0948, B, A \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0939\u0948<\/td>\n<td>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902, \u091a\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0902<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928<\/td>\n<td>\u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940<\/td>\n<td>\u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0936\u094b\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0924\u093e<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u092b\u0947\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/td>\n<td>\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u092e<\/td>\n<td>\u0917\u0932\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u091d, \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901<\/td>\n<td>\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \ud83d\udd0d<\/h2>\n<p>\u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0928\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0902\u0936\u093f\u090f\u091f \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901?<\/strong> \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0948?<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e\u0935 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0924\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/strong> \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0939\u093e\u0901, \u0924\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0939\u0948?<\/strong> \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902?<\/strong>\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0907\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0902\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094b \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947-\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0936 \u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0925\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0905\u0928\u093e\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u091f\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<h2>\u091c\u093c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0902\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e \ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948: \u201cX \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f?\u201d \u092f\u093e \u201cY \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947?\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0906\u092e \u0917\u0932\u0924\u0940:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e\u092c\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u201c\u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u091c\u094d\u091e\u201d \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0902\u0918\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b, \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f <code>\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code> \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 <code>\u0917\u0923\u0915<\/code> \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u091c\u094b <code>\u0906\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/code> \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u090f\u0915 <code>\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/code> \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 <code>calculateFuelEfficiency()<\/code> \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u0947\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u0930\u0916\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f, \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0928 \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n<li>\u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u090f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u091f\u0940\u091c \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0940\u092e\u0924 \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n<p>\u0907\u0928 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u091c\u0930\u0905\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093e\u091c\u0941\u0915 \u0915\u094b\u0921\u092c\u0947\u0938 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u0928\u090f \u092b\u0940\u091a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e \u0928\u090f \u0915\u092e\u0930\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u0930\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0940 \u090b\u0923 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0936\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0911\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u092a\u0947\u0936\u0947\u0935\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0921\u0947\u0935\u0932\u092a\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093f\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0916\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u092e \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u0947 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\u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0941\u0930\u0902\u0924 \u0939\u0930 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0921\u093c \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u091c\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u0915\u0930 \u0906\u092a \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0947\u0932\u0947\u092c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0916\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902, \u090f\u0928\u0915\u0948\u092a\u094d\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902, \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f, \u090f\u0915\u0932 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u091f\u0942\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0911\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f-\u0913\u0930\u093f\u090f\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0940\u0922\u093c \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0921\u094d\u0921\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0911\u092c\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092c\u093e\u0924\u091a\u0940\u0924, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1130,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938 \u0906\u0930\u0947\u0916 \u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u091f\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902: \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0940\u0916","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"\u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u091c\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 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